This page contains Windows bias

About This Page

This page is part of the Azure documentation. It contains code examples and configuration instructions for working with Azure services.

Bias Analysis

Bias Types:
⚠️ powershell_heavy
⚠️ windows_first
⚠️ missing_linux_example
⚠️ windows_tools
Summary:
The documentation demonstrates a strong Windows bias throughout. All command-line examples are shown using Windows PowerShell, with Windows file paths and environment variable syntax. Windows-specific tools (certutil.exe, Notepad, Windows Explorer) are referenced exclusively, and instructions for editing system files (like the hosts file) are given only for Windows. There are no equivalent Linux or macOS instructions or examples, and the workflow assumes a Windows environment by default.
Recommendations:
  • Provide parallel Linux (and optionally macOS) instructions and examples for all steps, including certificate conversion (using openssl), editing the hosts file (with sudo and a text editor like nano or vi), and setting environment variables (using export).
  • Show Azure CLI and Python commands in a cross-platform way, avoiding Windows-only syntax and file paths.
  • Reference cross-platform tools (e.g., openssl for certificate conversion, AzCopy for uploads) and avoid assuming the use of Windows Explorer or Notepad.
  • Include sample outputs from Linux terminals (bash/zsh) in addition to PowerShell.
  • Clearly indicate when a step is platform-specific and provide alternatives for each supported OS.
  • Link to Azure CLI installation instructions for Linux and macOS, not just Windows.
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Scan History

Date Scan ID Status Bias Status
2025-07-12 23:44 #41 in_progress ❌ Biased
2025-07-12 00:58 #8 cancelled ✅ Clean
2025-07-10 05:06 #7 processing ✅ Clean

Flagged Code Snippets

.\python.exe -m pip install haikunator
PS C:\Certificates> certutil.exe -encode aze-root.cer aze-root.pem Input Length = 2150 Output Length = 3014 CertUtil: -encode command completed successfully. PS C:\Certificates>
$pemFile = "<Path to the pem format certificate>"
PS C:\Certificates> az login -u EdgeARMuser
$ENV:AZURE_CLI_DISABLE_CONNECTION_VERIFICATION = 1 $ENV:ADAL_PYTHON_SSL_NO_VERIFY = 1
PS C:\windows\system32> az --version azure-cli 2.0.80 command-modules-nspkg 2.0.3 core 2.0.80 nspkg 3.0.4 telemetry 1.0.4 Extensions: azure-cli-iot-ext 0.7.1 Python location 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Azure\CLI2\python.exe' Extensions directory 'C:\.azure\cliextensions' Python (Windows) 3.6.6 (v3.6.6:4cf1f54eb7, Jun 27 2018, 02:47:15) [MSC v.1900 32 bit (Intel)] Legal docs and information: aka.ms/AzureCliLegal Your CLI is up-to-date. Please let us know how we are doing: https://aka.ms/clihats PS C:\windows\system32>
PS C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Azure\CLI2> .\python.exe -m pip install haikunator Collecting haikunator Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/43/fa/130968f1a1bb1461c287b9ff35c630460801783243acda2cbf3a4c5964a5/haikunator-2.1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl Installing collected packages: haikunator Successfully installed haikunator-2.1.0 You are using pip version 10.0.1, however version 20.0.1 is available. You should consider upgrading using the 'python -m pip install --upgrade pip' command. PS C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Azure\CLI2>
PS C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Azure\CLI2> .\python.exe -m pip install msrestazure==0.6.2 Requirement already satisfied: msrestazure==0.6.2 in c:\program files (x86)\microsoft sdks\azure\cli2\lib\site-packages (0.6.2) Requirement already satisfied: msrest<2.0.0,>=0.6.0 in c:\program files (x86)\microsoft sdks\azure\cli2\lib\site-packages (from msrestazure==0.6.2) (0.6.10) === CUT =========================== CUT ================================== Requirement already satisfied: cffi!=1.11.3,>=1.8 in c:\program files (x86)\microsoft sdks\azure\cli2\lib\site-packages (from cryptography>=1.1.0->adal<2.0.0,>=0.6.0->msrestazure==0.6.2) (1.13.2) Requirement already satisfied: pycparser in c:\program files (x86)\microsoft sdks\azure\cli2\lib\site-packages (from cffi!=1.11.3,>=1.8->cryptography>=1.1.0->adal<2.0.0,>=0.6.0->msrestazure==0.6.2) (2.18) You are using pip version 10.0.1, however version 20.0.1 is available. You should consider upgrading using the 'python -m pip install --upgrade pip' command. PS C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Azure\CLI2>
.\python -c "import certifi; print(certifi.where())"
PS C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Azure\CLI2> .\python -c "import certifi; print(certifi.where())" C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Azure\CLI2\lib\site-packages\certifi\cacert.pem PS C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Azure\CLI2>
$root = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2 $root.Import($pemFile) Write-Host "Extracting required information from the cert file" $md5Hash = (Get-FileHash -Path $pemFile -Algorithm MD5).Hash.ToLower() $sha1Hash = (Get-FileHash -Path $pemFile -Algorithm SHA1).Hash.ToLower() $sha256Hash = (Get-FileHash -Path $pemFile -Algorithm SHA256).Hash.ToLower() $issuerEntry = [string]::Format("# Issuer: {0}", $root.Issuer) $subjectEntry = [string]::Format("# Subject: {0}", $root.Subject) $labelEntry = [string]::Format("# Label: {0}", $root.Subject.Split('=')[-1]) $serialEntry = [string]::Format("# Serial: {0}", $root.GetSerialNumberString().ToLower()) $md5Entry = [string]::Format("# MD5 Fingerprint: {0}", $md5Hash) $sha1Entry= [string]::Format("# SHA1 Fingerprint: {0}", $sha1Hash) $sha256Entry = [string]::Format("# SHA256 Fingerprint: {0}", $sha256Hash) $certText = (Get-Content -Path $pemFile -Raw).ToString().Replace("`r`n","`n") $rootCertEntry = "`n" + $issuerEntry + "`n" + $subjectEntry + "`n" + $labelEntry + "`n" + ` $serialEntry + "`n" + $md5Entry + "`n" + $sha1Entry + "`n" + $sha256Entry + "`n" + $certText Write-Host "Adding the certificate content to Python Cert store" Add-Content "${env:ProgramFiles(x86)}\Microsoft SDKs\Azure\CLI2\Lib\site-packages\certifi\cacert.pem" $rootCertEntry Write-Host "Python Cert store was updated to allow the Azure Stack Edge Pro CA root certificate"
$ENV:ARM_ENDPOINT = "https://management.team3device.teatraining1.com" $ENV:AZURE_RESOURCE_LOCATION = "dbelocal" $ENV:VHD_FILE_PATH = "C:\Downloads\Ubuntu1604\Ubuntu13.vhd" $ENV:ADDRESS_PREFIXES = "5.5.0.0/16" $ENV:PRIVATE_IP_ADDRESS = "5.5.174.126"
PS C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Azure\CLI2> az cloud register -n az-new-env --endpoint-resource-manager "https://management.team3device.teatraining1.com"
PS C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Azure\CLI2> az cloud set -n az-new-env Switched active cloud to 'az-new-env'. Use 'az login' to log in to this cloud. Use 'az account set' to set the active subscription. PS C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Azure\CLI2>
PS C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Azure\CLI2> az login -u EdgeARMuser Password: [ { "cloudName": "az-new-env", "id": "A4257FDE-B946-4E01-ADE7-674760B8D1A3", "isDefault": true, "name": "Default Provider Subscription", "state": "Enabled", "tenantId": "aaaabbbb-0000-cccc-1111-dddd2222eeee", "user": { "name": "EdgeArmUser@localhost", "type": "user" } } ] PS C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Azure\CLI2>
$ENV:ARM_TENANT_ID = "aaaabbbb-0000-cccc-1111-dddd2222eeee" $ENV:ARM_CLIENT_ID = "cbd868c5-7207-431f-8d16-1cb144b50971" $ENV:ARM_CLIENT_SECRET - "<Your Azure Resource Manager password>" $ENV:ARM_SUBSCRIPTION_ID = "<Your subscription ID>"
PS C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Azure\CLI2> az cloud update --profile 2019-03-01-hybrid PS C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Azure\CLI2>
.\python.exe example_dbe_arguments_name_https.py cli
PS C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Azure\CLI2> .\python.exe example_dbe_arguments_name_https.py cli Create Resource Group Create a storage account Uploading to Azure Stack Storage as blob: ubuntu13.vhd Listing blobs... ubuntu13.vhd VM image resource id: /subscriptions/.../resourceGroups/azure-sample-group-virtual-machines118/providers/Microsoft.Compute/images/UbuntuImage Create Vnet Create Subnet Create NIC Creating Linux Virtual Machine Tag Virtual Machine Create (empty) managed Data Disk Get Virtual Machine by Name Attach Data Disk Detach Data Disk Deallocating the VM (to prepare for a disk resize) Update OS disk size Start VM Restart VM Stop VM List VMs in subscription VM: VmName118 List VMs in resource group VM: VmName118 Delete VM All example operations completed successfully! Delete Resource Group Deleted: azure-sample-group-virtual-machines118 PS C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Azure\CLI2>
certutil.exe <SourceCertificateName.cer> <DestinationCertificateName.pem>