About This Page
This page is part of the Azure documentation. It contains code examples and configuration instructions for working with Azure services.
Bias Analysis
Bias Types:
⚠️
powershell_heavy
⚠️
missing_linux_example
⚠️
windows_tools
⚠️
windows_first
Summary:
The documentation page demonstrates a Windows bias by providing only a PowerShell script for programmatic access to audit logs, with no equivalent example for Linux or cross-platform environments (such as Bash/cURL or Python). The script assumes use of PowerShell and Windows-centric tooling, and the Azure Cloud Shell reference implicitly favors PowerShell. There is no mention of Linux-native tools or cross-platform scripting approaches, nor are Linux examples provided alongside the Windows/PowerShell example.
Recommendations:
- Provide a Bash/cURL example for accessing the Microsoft Graph API to retrieve audit logs, suitable for Linux and macOS users.
- Include a Python script example, which is cross-platform and widely used for automation.
- Explicitly mention that the API can be accessed from any OS, and link to relevant SDKs or CLI tools (e.g., Microsoft Graph CLI, Azure CLI) that work on Linux.
- When presenting scripts, offer both Windows (PowerShell) and Linux (Bash/cURL or Python) versions side by side.
- Avoid language that implies PowerShell is the only or primary way to automate these tasks.
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Flagged Code Snippets
# This script requires an application registration that's granted Microsoft Graph API permission
# https://learn.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory-b2c/microsoft-graph-get-started
# Constants
$ClientID = "your-client-application-id-here" # Insert your application's client ID, a GUID
$ClientSecret = "your-client-application-secret-here" # Insert your application's client secret value
$tenantdomain = "your-b2c-tenant.onmicrosoft.com" # Insert your Azure AD B2C tenant domain name
$loginURL = "https://login.microsoftonline.com"
$resource = "https://graph.microsoft.com" # Microsoft Graph API resource URI
$7daysago = "{0:s}" -f (get-date).AddDays(-7) + "Z" # Use 'AddMinutes(-5)' to decrement minutes, for example
Write-Output "Searching for events starting $7daysago"
# Create HTTP header, get an OAuth2 access token based on client id, secret and tenant domain
$body = @{grant_type="client_credentials";resource=$resource;client_id=$ClientID;client_secret=$ClientSecret}
$oauth = Invoke-RestMethod -Method Post -Uri $loginURL/$tenantdomain/oauth2/token?api-version=1.0 -Body $body
# Parse audit report items, save output to file(s): auditX.json, where X = 0 through n for number of nextLink pages
if ($oauth.access_token -ne $null) {
$i=0
$headerParams = @{'Authorization'="$($oauth.token_type) $($oauth.access_token)"}
$url = "https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/auditLogs/directoryAudits?`$filter=loggedByService eq 'B2C' and activityDateTime gt " + $7daysago
# loop through each query page (1 through n)
Do {
# display each event on the console window
Write-Output "Fetching data using Uri: $url"
$myReport = (Invoke-WebRequest -UseBasicParsing -Headers $headerParams -Uri $url)
foreach ($event in ($myReport.Content | ConvertFrom-Json).value) {
Write-Output ($event | ConvertTo-Json)
}
# save the query page to an output file
Write-Output "Save the output to a file audit$i.json"
$myReport.Content | Out-File -FilePath audit$i.json -Force
$url = ($myReport.Content | ConvertFrom-Json).'@odata.nextLink'
$i = $i+1
} while($url -ne $null)
} else {
Write-Host "ERROR: No Access Token"
}