IoT Edge

95
Total Pages
60
Linux-Friendly Pages
35
Pages with Bias
36.8%
Bias Rate

Bias Trend Over Time

Pages with Bias Issues (66)

https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-observability.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-13 21:37 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Powershell Heavy Windows First Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation page demonstrates a Windows bias in the 'Try the sample' section by exclusively providing PowerShell-based deployment instructions and referencing PowerShell as a prerequisite. There are no equivalent instructions or scripts for Linux or macOS users (e.g., Bash scripts or shell commands). The use of PowerShell and the lack of cross-platform deployment guidance may hinder Linux users from following the tutorial seamlessly.
Recommendations:
  • Provide equivalent Bash shell scripts and instructions for Linux/macOS users alongside PowerShell examples.
  • Clearly indicate which steps are platform-specific and offer alternatives where necessary (e.g., use Bash for Linux, PowerShell for Windows).
  • If the deployment script is inherently cross-platform (e.g., via Azure CLI), demonstrate usage in both PowerShell and Bash.
  • List prerequisites for both Windows and Linux environments, including installation steps for PowerShell Core on Linux if it is required.
  • Consider restructuring the 'Try the sample' section to present both Windows and Linux instructions in parallel, ensuring parity and inclusivity.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-authenticate-downstream-device.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-13 21:37 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Powershell Heavy
Summary:
The documentation generally maintains cross-platform parity, but there is a subtle Windows bias in the ordering and example presentation. In the X.509 self-signed authentication section, the openssl command is shown for Windows (PowerShell) before Linux (Bash), and the Windows command is not clearly marked as PowerShell-specific. There are no Linux-specific tools or patterns highlighted, and the documentation does not provide explicit Linux GUI or CLI examples outside of Azure CLI, which is cross-platform. The certificate generation and transfer steps mention Azure Key Vault and SCP, which are cross-platform, but no Linux-specific certificate management tools or workflows are highlighted.
Recommendations:
  • Present Linux and Windows command examples in parallel or alternate the order to avoid always listing Windows first.
  • Clearly label command blocks as 'Windows (PowerShell)' and 'Linux (Bash)' for clarity.
  • Include Linux-specific certificate management tips or references (e.g., using certbot, update-ca-certificates, or Linux file paths).
  • Where GUI steps are shown (e.g., Azure Portal screenshots), consider also providing CLI-only workflows for headless Linux environments.
  • Highlight that Azure CLI and IoT CLI extension are cross-platform, and provide example shell commands for both Bash and PowerShell where relevant.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-connect-usb-devices.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-13 21:37 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Powershell Heavy Windows First Windows Tools Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation is heavily focused on Windows, providing only Windows and PowerShell-based instructions and tooling (usbipd-win, PowerShell modules, Windows Package Manager, Windows Services, etc.) for connecting USB devices to Azure IoT Edge for Linux on Windows (EFLOW). There are no equivalent Linux command-line examples or instructions for users who may want to perform similar operations from a Linux host or within the EFLOW VM using native Linux tools. Linux patterns and tools are either missing or only referenced as secondary considerations.
Recommendations:
  • Provide equivalent Linux command-line instructions for installing and using usbip (e.g., using apt, yum, or other package managers) for users who may be running EFLOW on a Linux host or want to interact with usbip from within the EFLOW VM.
  • Include bash shell examples for listing, attaching, and detaching USB devices using native Linux usbip tools, in addition to the PowerShell examples.
  • Mention Linux-native tools and workflows (such as lsusb, usbip, modprobe, etc.) earlier and in parallel with Windows tools, not only as an afterthought.
  • Clarify which steps are specific to Windows hosts and which can be performed from within the EFLOW VM or a Linux environment.
  • Add a section or callout for users who may want to use or test USB over IP from a Linux host, or who are troubleshooting from within the Linux VM.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-configure-multiple-nics.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-13 21:37 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Powershell Heavy Windows Tools Windows First Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation is heavily focused on Windows and PowerShell tooling for configuring multiple NICs on Azure IoT Edge for Linux on Windows (EFLOW). All configuration steps are performed using PowerShell commands and Windows-specific tools, with no equivalent Linux command-line or cross-platform alternatives provided. The workflow assumes the user is operating from a Windows environment, and Linux-native methods or tools are not mentioned or demonstrated.
Recommendations:
  • Provide equivalent Linux command-line examples (e.g., using SSH, nmcli, ip, or netplan) for managing network interfaces inside the EFLOW VM.
  • Document how to perform these configuration steps from a Linux or cross-platform environment, if possible.
  • Clarify which steps must be performed on the Windows host versus inside the Linux VM, and provide Linux-native alternatives for in-VM configuration.
  • Consider including Azure CLI or portal-based instructions where possible to reduce reliance on Windows-specific tools.
  • Explicitly state if certain operations are only possible from Windows, and suggest workarounds or alternatives for Linux users.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-monitor-module-twins.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-13 21:37 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation shows a bias toward Windows by using Windows-specific device IDs (e.g., 'Windows109') in all JSON examples and does not provide any Linux-based examples or mention Linux-specific considerations. There are no explicit Linux or cross-platform command-line examples, and the only programming example uses .NET, which is more common on Windows. No PowerShell or Windows-only tools are mentioned, but the overall context and examples are Windows-centric.
Recommendations:
  • Include JSON examples with Linux-based device IDs (e.g., 'raspberrypi', 'ubuntu-edge') to demonstrate cross-platform applicability.
  • Add explicit notes or examples for Linux users, such as differences in file paths, environment variables, or troubleshooting steps.
  • Provide code samples in additional languages commonly used on Linux (e.g., Python, Node.js) alongside .NET.
  • Ensure that all instructions and screenshots are platform-neutral or provide both Windows and Linux variants where relevant.
  • Clarify that the Azure CLI and Visual Studio Code instructions apply equally to Linux, macOS, and Windows, and mention any platform-specific prerequisites if they exist.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/tutorial-deploy-stream-analytics.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-13 21:37 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First
Summary:
The documentation demonstrates a mild 'windows_first' bias by listing the Windows quickstart link before the Linux equivalent in the prerequisites. However, the rest of the tutorial is platform-neutral, with no PowerShell- or Windows-specific commands, tools, or screenshots. All command-line examples use cross-platform commands (iotedge), and both Linux and Windows are acknowledged as supported platforms.
Recommendations:
  • List Linux and Windows quickstart links in the same order or in parallel (e.g., 'for Linux or Windows devices'), or list Linux first to avoid implicit prioritization.
  • Where possible, provide explicit notes or links for both Linux and Windows users in setup and troubleshooting sections.
  • Continue to use cross-platform tools and commands, and avoid platform-specific screenshots or instructions unless both are provided.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/tutorial-nested-iot-edge.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-13 21:37 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Windows Tools Powershell Heavy
Summary:
The documentation is generally Linux-focused for the main tutorial steps, but there are subtle Windows biases. Windows file paths and PowerShell output are shown in examples before or instead of Linux equivalents. References to Windows-specific tools and documentation (such as opening ports in the Azure portal for Windows VMs) are present, and some output examples use Windows-style formatting. However, the actual configuration and deployment steps are performed using Bash and Azure CLI, which are cross-platform and primarily Linux-oriented.
Recommendations:
  • Provide Linux output examples (e.g., 'ls' command) alongside or before Windows PowerShell output when showing directory contents.
  • When referencing how to open ports on VMs, include links and instructions for both Windows and Linux virtual machines, not just Windows.
  • Avoid using Windows file paths (e.g., C:\nested-edge\output) as the only example; show Linux paths (e.g., /home/user/nested-edge/output) as well.
  • If showing PowerShell output, also show equivalent Bash output for parity.
  • Ensure that all troubleshooting and configuration steps are equally documented for both Windows and Linux environments, or clarify when steps are OS-agnostic.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/troubleshoot-common-errors.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-13 21:37 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Windows Tools Windows Examples Windows Heavy Symptom Descriptions
Summary:
The documentation generally provides Linux-oriented troubleshooting steps and examples (e.g., use of bash, Linux file paths, systemctl), but there are several instances of Windows bias. Windows-specific networking patterns (NAT), error messages, and symptom descriptions are mentioned before or in more detail than their Linux equivalents. Some troubleshooting sections reference Windows containers and Windows VM hostname issues, and error logs include Win32-specific messages. There are no PowerShell or explicit Windows command-line examples, but Windows is often referenced first or exclusively in certain contexts, and Windows-specific issues are described in more detail than Linux-specific ones.
Recommendations:
  • For every Windows-specific symptom, cause, or error message, provide the equivalent Linux details and error messages.
  • Where Windows networking (NAT) is discussed, explicitly describe the Linux (bridge) equivalent and troubleshooting steps.
  • If referencing Windows-specific error logs (e.g., hnsCall failed in Win32), provide the corresponding Linux error logs for parity.
  • Ensure that Linux and Windows troubleshooting steps are presented in parallel, rather than Windows-first.
  • If a solution is only applicable to Windows or Linux, clearly label it as such and provide the counterpart for the other OS.
  • Add PowerShell or Windows command-line examples where appropriate, but always provide Linux equivalents (and vice versa).
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-create-test-certificates.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-13 21:37 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Powershell Heavy Windows Tools
Summary:
The documentation consistently presents Windows instructions and examples before Linux, uses PowerShell-specific commands and scripts for Windows, and references Windows-specific tools and installation methods (such as vcpkg and Set-ExecutionPolicy). While Linux parity is generally maintained with corresponding bash examples, the ordering and depth of Windows-specific tooling and scripting create a subtle Windows bias.
Recommendations:
  • Alternate the order of Windows and Linux sections in each major step, or present both platforms side-by-side where possible.
  • Provide equal detail for Linux tooling and prerequisites (e.g., mention common Linux OpenSSL installation methods, such as apt or yum, not just for Windows).
  • Where possible, use cross-platform tooling or highlight cross-platform compatibility of scripts.
  • Avoid Windows-specific terminology and tools (e.g., vcpkg, Set-ExecutionPolicy) unless a Linux equivalent or explanation is provided.
  • Include troubleshooting tips and environment setup steps for Linux with the same depth as for Windows.
  • Consider a summary table at the start showing parity of steps and commands for both platforms.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/troubleshoot.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-13 21:37 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Cmd Examples Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation provides a mix of Bash and CMD examples, but in several sections, Windows CMD syntax is used without equivalent Linux/Bash examples, especially for commands like 'iotedge logs', 'docker rm', and 'iotedge restart'. Some code blocks are marked as 'cmd' or use Windows-centric syntax, and in a few cases, the documentation does not clarify cross-platform differences or provide Linux alternatives. While the initial troubleshooting steps use Bash, later sections implicitly assume Windows usage or present Windows commands first.
Recommendations:
  • For every CMD/Windows example, provide an equivalent Bash/Linux example side-by-side or clearly indicate cross-platform compatibility.
  • Use neutral code block labeling (e.g., 'shell') unless the command is truly platform-specific.
  • Clarify any differences in command usage or output between Windows and Linux environments.
  • Audit all command examples to ensure Linux users are not left to infer the correct syntax or behavior.
  • Where tools or paths differ between platforms, explicitly document both.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/tutorial-deploy-custom-vision.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-13 21:37 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Windows Tools Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation shows mild Windows bias. While the main tutorial flow is Linux-focused (Linux containers, Linux device quickstart), there are several signs of Windows bias: (1) The sample images are sourced from a repository named 'Cognitive-CustomVision-Windows', with no mention of a Linux equivalent or alternative; (2) The device setup section lists 'Linux device' before 'Windows device', but only provides a link to a Windows quickstart as an alternative, not as a parallel path; (3) There are no explicit PowerShell or Windows command-line examples, but the documentation does not provide any Linux-specific troubleshooting or alternative flows for common Windows-only issues (e.g., file paths, permissions); (4) The use of Visual Studio Code and Azure IoT Edge Dev Tool is cross-platform, but the documentation does not clarify any Linux-specific nuances or provide Linux-first examples for all steps.
Recommendations:
  • Provide sample images from a neutral or Linux-named repository, or clarify that the 'Cognitive-CustomVision-Windows' repo is cross-platform.
  • Include explicit Linux and Windows command-line examples where relevant, especially for file paths and Docker commands.
  • Add troubleshooting notes for common Linux-specific issues (e.g., permissions, Docker group membership, file system case sensitivity).
  • Ensure that all tool references (e.g., Visual Studio Code, Docker) clarify cross-platform compatibility and provide links to both Linux and Windows installation guides.
  • Where device setup is discussed, offer parallel quickstart links and instructions for both Linux and Windows, rather than listing Windows as an alternative.
  • If referencing Windows tools or repositories, provide Linux equivalents or clarify their cross-platform usage.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/gpu-acceleration.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Powershell Heavy Windows Tools Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation is heavily oriented toward Windows users, with all setup, configuration, and deployment instructions assuming a Windows host environment. All command-line examples use PowerShell, and Windows-specific tools (Device Manager, winver, WMI) are referenced exclusively. There are no Linux-native examples or instructions, and Linux tools or workflows are not discussed, despite the product involving Linux VMs.
Recommendations:
  • Provide equivalent Linux command-line examples for GPU detection and configuration inside the Linux VM, such as using lspci, nvidia-smi, or glxinfo.
  • Include instructions for verifying GPU passthrough and driver installation from within the Linux guest, not just from the Windows host.
  • Mention Linux-native tools and commands alongside Windows tools (e.g., show how to check GPU status in both Device Manager and Linux tools).
  • Clarify which steps are performed on the Windows host and which should be performed inside the Linux VM, and provide parity in documentation for both environments.
  • If PowerShell is required for host-side management, explicitly state that, but also provide guidance for Linux users on how to interact with the system from the Linux side.
  • Consider adding troubleshooting steps for common Linux-side GPU issues (e.g., missing drivers, CUDA not detected, etc.).
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-access-dtpm.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Powershell Heavy Windows First Windows Tools Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation is heavily oriented toward Windows users, with all setup, configuration, and file transfer steps relying on Windows tools (PowerShell, Visual Studio, Windows paths, Windows-specific cmdlets). Linux-native workflows, tools, or examples are not provided, even though the target runtime is Linux. The instructions assume the user is working from a Windows environment and does not address how a user on a Linux or cross-platform system would accomplish the same tasks.
Recommendations:
  • Provide equivalent instructions for users working from a Linux or macOS host, including how to build, package, and transfer files to the EFLOW VM using Linux-native tools (e.g., dotnet CLI, tar, scp, rsync).
  • Include examples using cross-platform editors and build tools (e.g., VS Code, dotnet CLI) instead of only Visual Studio.
  • Document how to enable TPM passthrough and initialize NV indexes from a Linux host, if possible, or clearly state if this is not supported.
  • Present file paths and commands in both Windows and Linux formats where applicable.
  • Add a section or callouts for Linux users, clarifying any limitations or alternative workflows.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-create-virtual-switch.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Powershell Heavy Windows First Missing Linux Example Windows Tools
Summary:
The documentation is heavily biased towards Windows, providing only PowerShell commands and Windows-specific tools (such as Hyper-V, Windows DHCP Server, and Windows networking cmdlets) for creating a virtual switch for Azure IoT Edge for Linux on Windows. There are no Linux or cross-platform examples, and the instructions assume the user is operating entirely within a Windows environment. Linux alternatives or equivalent commands are not mentioned or referenced.
Recommendations:
  • Add a section or references for how to create and configure virtual switches, NAT, and DHCP on Linux hosts (e.g., using iproute2, dnsmasq, or NetworkManager).
  • Include Linux command-line examples alongside PowerShell commands where applicable, or clarify that the process is only supported on Windows if that is the case.
  • Mention and link to Linux-native virtualization solutions (such as KVM, libvirt, or VirtualBox) and how to achieve similar networking setups for IoT Edge for Linux scenarios.
  • Clearly state in the prerequisites and introduction if the process is only intended for Windows users, and provide guidance or links for Linux users.
  • Consider providing a comparison table of Windows and Linux tools/commands for each step, to help users translate the instructions to their platform.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-connect-downstream-device.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Powershell Heavy Windows Tools
Summary:
The documentation provides both Ubuntu and Windows instructions for installing CA certificates, but Windows instructions are generally more detailed, include multiple methods (PowerShell, certlm GUI, .NET API), and mention Windows-specific tools (Schannel, certlm, Import-Certificate) before or in greater depth than Linux equivalents. The .NET section emphasizes Windows parity, and Windows-specific TLS stack (Schannel) is discussed in detail, while Linux alternatives are mentioned only briefly. There is no explicit Linux bias, but the Windows ecosystem receives more attention and tool coverage.
Recommendations:
  • Ensure Linux (and macOS, if relevant) instructions are as detailed as Windows, including multiple methods (e.g., using update-ca-certificates, trust, or keytool for Java).
  • Provide parity in troubleshooting and tool references: mention Linux TLS stack details (e.g., OpenSSL, GnuTLS) and how to verify certificate installation on Linux.
  • In .NET and C SDK sections, clarify Linux-specific behaviors and provide Linux-oriented code/configuration examples where appropriate.
  • When listing tools or methods, alternate the order or present Linux and Windows approaches side by side to avoid 'Windows first' bias.
  • Expand on Linux-specific certificate management (e.g., using update-ca-certificates, trust anchors, or Java's cacerts) and provide links to official documentation.
  • Where Windows tools like certlm or Schannel are mentioned, provide equivalent Linux commands or references (e.g., update-ca-certificates, openssl, or system trust store locations).
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/debug-module-vs-code.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Windows Tools Powershell Heavy Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation demonstrates a moderate Windows bias. Windows is mentioned first in several key sections, such as development machine requirements and Docker Desktop prerequisites. There are references to Windows-specific tools and scenarios (e.g., IoT Edge for Linux on Windows/EFLOW), and PowerShell-style output is shown in code blocks. While Linux is supported and mentioned, Linux-specific instructions, troubleshooting, or examples are less prominent, and some examples (such as Docker output) use Windows-style prompts. There are also cases where Linux-specific nuances (like permissions or package installation) are not addressed, and Linux command-line examples are not always provided alongside Windows ones.
Recommendations:
  • Ensure Linux and macOS are mentioned before or alongside Windows in all prerequisites and setup sections.
  • Provide explicit Linux (and macOS, if supported) command-line examples and troubleshooting steps, especially for Docker and SSH usage.
  • Avoid using Windows-style prompts (e.g., 'PS C:\>') in code blocks unless also showing the equivalent Linux prompt.
  • Include Linux-specific notes for permissions (e.g., sudo usage, Docker group membership) and package installation where relevant.
  • Balance references to Windows-only tools (like EFLOW) with equivalent Linux-native workflows.
  • Where possible, use cross-platform language and avoid assuming the user is on Windows.
  • Add a section or callouts for common Linux/macOS issues or environment differences.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-configure-multiple-nics.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Powershell Heavy Windows Tools Windows First Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation is heavily focused on Windows and PowerShell tooling for configuring multiple NICs in Azure IoT Edge for Linux on Windows (EFLOW). All configuration steps are performed using PowerShell commands and Windows-specific tools, with no equivalent Linux command-line examples or cross-platform alternatives. The Linux environment is only referenced as the guest OS inside the VM, not as a host or as a platform for performing configuration tasks.
Recommendations:
  • Provide equivalent Linux command-line instructions (e.g., using Azure CLI, SSH, or Linux-native tools) for each step where possible.
  • Include examples of how to perform network configuration from a Linux host, or clarify that the process is only supported on Windows hosts.
  • Mention and, if possible, demonstrate how to use cross-platform tools (such as Azure CLI) for VM and network interface management.
  • Reorganize the documentation to clarify the platform requirements up front and avoid assuming a Windows-only environment.
  • If PowerShell is required, note whether PowerShell Core (cross-platform) can be used, and provide instructions for Linux users where applicable.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-create-transparent-gateway.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Powershell Heavy Windows Tools Windows First
Summary:
The documentation provides both Linux and Windows (specifically EFLOW) instructions, but the Windows/PowerShell tooling is emphasized for EFLOW scenarios. Several steps for EFLOW require the use of custom PowerShell cmdlets (e.g., Copy-EflowVMFile, Connect-EflowVm, Invoke-EflowVmCommand), and these tools are referenced before or instead of standard cross-platform alternatives. The Linux path uses standard Bash commands, while the Windows/EFLOW path assumes the user is operating from a Windows host using PowerShell, potentially limiting accessibility for users on non-Windows platforms. There is also a slight 'windows_first' bias in the EFLOW sections, where Windows-specific instructions and tools are introduced before cross-platform or Linux-native alternatives.
Recommendations:
  • Where possible, provide cross-platform alternatives to PowerShell cmdlets for EFLOW, such as using SSH/SCP from Linux/macOS hosts to the EFLOW VM.
  • Clarify that EFLOW is a Windows-specific scenario, but highlight how similar tasks can be accomplished from non-Windows hosts if possible.
  • In the EFLOW sections, mention standard Linux tools (e.g., scp, ssh) as alternatives to PowerShell cmdlets for copying files and executing commands, or explain any limitations.
  • Ensure that Linux and Windows instructions are presented with equal prominence and detail, and avoid assuming the user is operating from a Windows host when working with EFLOW.
  • Consider adding a table or section summarizing all possible ways (Windows/PowerShell, Linux/SSH, etc.) to interact with the EFLOW VM for certificate management and port configuration.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-create-test-certificates.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Powershell Heavy Windows Tools
Summary:
The documentation provides parallel instructions for both Windows and Linux, but consistently presents Windows instructions before Linux in every section. Windows examples use PowerShell scripts and commands extensively, including Windows-specific tools like vcpkg and PowerShell cmdlets (e.g., Set-ExecutionPolicy, Write-Host, Get-Pfxcertificate), while Linux instructions use bash scripts. Some Windows-specific installation guidance (such as vcpkg for OpenSSL) is more detailed than the Linux equivalent. There are no major missing Linux examples, but the ordering and tool emphasis reflect a Windows-first and PowerShell-heavy bias.
Recommendations:
  • Alternate the order of Windows and Linux sections in each major heading, or present Linux first in some sections to balance perceived priority.
  • Where possible, provide equal detail for Linux installation steps (e.g., recommend package managers like apt, yum, or dnf for OpenSSL installation).
  • Avoid using Windows-specific tools (like vcpkg) as the 'recommended' method without offering a Linux equivalent or a cross-platform alternative.
  • Where PowerShell cmdlets are used for certificate inspection (e.g., Get-Pfxcertificate), provide equivalent Linux commands (e.g., openssl) and highlight them equally.
  • Consider a unified table or tabbed interface that does not always default to Windows as the first or primary example.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/includes/debug-without-container-setup.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation provides examples and output paths that are Windows-specific (e.g., 'D:\Workspaces\EdgeSolution>'), and does not mention or show equivalent Linux commands, file paths, or terminal outputs. There is no guidance for Linux users on how to run the IoT Edge simulator or interpret outputs in a Linux environment.
Recommendations:
  • Include Linux-specific examples alongside Windows ones, such as showing terminal commands with Linux-style paths (e.g., '/home/user/EdgeSolution$').
  • Explicitly mention that the simulator and tools work on both Windows and Linux, and provide any OS-specific setup steps if needed.
  • Show screenshots or terminal outputs from Linux environments in addition to Windows.
  • If there are differences in command usage or prerequisites between Windows and Linux, document them clearly.
  • Ensure that all instructions referencing Visual Studio Code or CLI tools clarify any OS-specific nuances (e.g., how to open the integrated terminal on Linux).
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/includes/iot-edge-create-dps-enrollment-symmetric.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Powershell Heavy Missing Linux Example Windows Tools
Summary:
The documentation provides a PowerShell example for deriving a device key, explicitly referencing Windows, but does not provide equivalent Linux or cross-platform command-line examples (e.g., Bash, OpenSSL, Python). This creates a bias toward Windows users and may hinder Linux users from following the instructions easily.
Recommendations:
  • Add a Linux/Bash example for deriving the device key, using common tools like openssl or a Python script.
  • Present both Windows (PowerShell) and Linux (Bash/Python) examples side by side, or use tabbed sections for each platform.
  • Avoid language such as 'On Windows...' unless there is a corresponding 'On Linux...' section.
  • Where possible, use cross-platform tools or scripts, or at least reference them.
  • Explicitly mention that the process can be performed on both Windows and Linux, and provide links to relevant tools or documentation for each.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-update-iot-edge.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Missing Linux Example Windows Tools Windows First
Summary:
The documentation is heavily focused on Linux-based IoT Edge deployments, with detailed step-by-step instructions and examples for Ubuntu/Debian and RHEL. Windows is only mentioned to state that native Windows containers are not supported and to redirect users to Linux containers or EFLOW (IoT Edge for Linux on Windows). There are no PowerShell or Windows command examples, but the lack of Windows-native instructions and the explicit direction to use Linux containers on Windows devices indicate a bias toward Linux. The documentation also references Linux tools and patterns (systemctl, apt-get, yum) exclusively, and troubleshooting commands are only shown for Linux environments.
Recommendations:
  • If Windows-native IoT Edge is not supported, clarify this at the top of the article and provide a clear migration or alternative path for Windows users.
  • If EFLOW is the only supported method on Windows, include a summary of EFLOW update steps or a direct link to equivalent update documentation, rather than just a reference.
  • If/when Windows-native support returns, add equivalent PowerShell or Windows command-line examples for all update and troubleshooting steps.
  • Ensure that all references to tools and commands are clearly scoped to the relevant OS, and provide parity in troubleshooting and verification steps for EFLOW/Windows scenarios.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/includes/debug-without-container-run.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation primarily addresses Windows users by warning them about shell compatibility issues, specifically mentioning Git Bash and WSL Bash as workarounds for running curl, but does not provide explicit guidance or examples for Linux or macOS users. There is an implicit assumption that the default environment is Windows, and Linux usage is not directly addressed.
Recommendations:
  • Add explicit instructions or notes for Linux and macOS users, confirming that the curl command works natively in their default terminals.
  • Present platform-specific notes in parallel (e.g., 'On Windows, use Git Bash or WSL Bash; on Linux/macOS, use your standard terminal').
  • Avoid assuming the user is on Windows by default; provide equal visibility to Linux/macOS workflows.
  • Consider including a table or section summarizing terminal/shell compatibility for all major platforms.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/includes/iot-edge-create-container-registry.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation page demonstrates a Windows/portal-first bias by exclusively guiding users through the Azure Portal GUI, which is most familiar to Windows users. There are no command-line examples (such as Azure CLI or Bash scripts) that would be more typical for Linux users. The instructions and screenshots are tailored to the Azure Portal interface, with no mention of alternative methods suitable for Linux environments.
Recommendations:
  • Add equivalent instructions using the Azure CLI (az acr create ...) for creating a container registry, which can be run on Linux, macOS, and Windows.
  • Provide examples of how to retrieve registry credentials using the CLI (az acr credential show ...).
  • Include screenshots or terminal output for CLI-based workflows.
  • Explicitly mention that the Azure Portal is cross-platform but that CLI methods may be preferred in Linux environments.
  • Consider a section comparing portal vs. CLI approaches, highlighting cross-platform compatibility.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/includes/iot-edge-create-dps-enrollment-x509.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows Tools Powershell Heavy Windows First Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation page exhibits Windows bias by referencing Windows-style paths (e.g., <WRKDIR>\certs\...), using a PowerShell command (New-CACertsVerificationCert) without providing a Linux/bash equivalent, and omitting Linux-specific instructions or examples. File path examples and tooling references are Windows-centric, and there is no mention of Linux shell commands or cross-platform alternatives.
Recommendations:
  • Provide Linux/bash equivalents for all PowerShell commands, such as OpenSSL commands for certificate operations.
  • Include Linux-style file path examples (e.g., <WRKDIR>/certs/...) alongside Windows paths.
  • Explicitly mention cross-platform compatibility for scripts and tools, or provide links to Linux-compatible versions.
  • Add notes or tabs for Linux users where steps or commands differ, ensuring parity in instructions.
  • Where possible, use platform-neutral language and examples, or clearly indicate when instructions are platform-specific.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/security.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Windows Tools Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation generally maintains a cross-platform tone but demonstrates subtle Windows bias in the 'Encryption at rest' section. Here, BitLocker (a Windows-specific tool) is explicitly recommended for Windows, while Linux is mentioned generically with no specific tools or examples provided. This prioritizes a Windows solution and leaves Linux users without concrete guidance or parity in recommendations.
Recommendations:
  • Provide specific Linux encryption tools (e.g., LUKS, dm-crypt, eCryptfs) alongside BitLocker, and link to their documentation.
  • Offer example commands or configuration steps for both Windows (BitLocker) and Linux (e.g., setting up LUKS).
  • Ensure that, where platform-specific recommendations are made, both Windows and Linux are treated equally in detail and prominence.
  • Consider listing Linux options before or alongside Windows options to avoid 'windows_first' ordering.
  • Review other sections for similar patterns and ensure parity in tool recommendations and examples across platforms.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/iot-edge-modules.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation page does not provide any OS-specific examples, but it also does not mention or demonstrate Linux-specific tools, commands, or patterns. There are no explicit Windows or PowerShell examples, but the absence of any platform-specific guidance or examples (especially for Linux, which is a common IoT Edge deployment target) may leave Linux users underserved.
Recommendations:
  • Add explicit examples or notes for both Windows and Linux environments, especially in sections discussing module deployment and management.
  • Include sample commands for common tasks (such as running containers, managing modules, or accessing logs) using both PowerShell (Windows) and Bash (Linux) where relevant.
  • Reference cross-platform tools (such as Docker CLI) and clarify any OS-specific differences in workflow or configuration.
  • Link to platform-specific setup or troubleshooting guides for both Windows and Linux IoT Edge devices.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/tutorial-nested-iot-edge.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Windows Tools Powershell Heavy
Summary:
While the tutorial is primarily Linux-focused for the actual IoT Edge device setup, there is evidence of Windows bias in several areas: directory and command output examples use Windows paths and PowerShell formatting, Windows-specific tools and documentation links are referenced before or instead of Linux equivalents, and some instructions assume familiarity with Windows environments. However, the core configuration and deployment steps are Linux-centric.
Recommendations:
  • Provide Linux shell (bash) output examples alongside or instead of PowerShell/Windows examples, especially for directory listings and file operations.
  • When referencing documentation for opening ports or configuring VMs, include both Windows and Linux links (e.g., link to Linux NSG quickstart, not just Windows).
  • Ensure that all example paths and commands are shown in both Windows and Linux formats, or default to Linux if the tutorial is Linux-focused.
  • Avoid using PowerShell-specific output (e.g., 'PS C:\nested-edge\output> dir') unless also providing the equivalent Linux command ('ls ./output').
  • In troubleshooting and configuration sections, clarify any OS-specific steps and provide parity for both Windows and Linux users.
  • Review all screenshots and code snippets to ensure they are representative of the intended platform (Linux in this case), or provide both variants.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/nested-virtualization.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Missing Linux Example Windows Tools
Summary:
The documentation is heavily focused on Windows-based virtualization environments and tools (Hyper-V, Windows VMs, Windows Server, Windows 10/11), with no mention of Linux-based virtualization options or examples. All setup instructions, requirements, and troubleshooting are centered on Windows, and there are no Linux equivalents or guidance for Linux-first users.
Recommendations:
  • Include examples and instructions for deploying Azure IoT Edge for Linux on Windows using Linux-based hypervisors (e.g., KVM, QEMU, VirtualBox on Linux hosts).
  • Provide parity in documentation by listing Linux options alongside Windows options, not just as an afterthought.
  • Add troubleshooting and configuration notes relevant to Linux virtualization environments.
  • Clarify in the introduction whether Linux hosts are supported or not, and if not, provide a rationale or roadmap.
  • If the product is truly Windows-only, make this explicit and consider linking to Linux-native IoT Edge deployment docs for Linux users.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/quickstart.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Powershell Heavy Windows Tools Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation is heavily focused on Windows, specifically on deploying Azure IoT Edge for Linux on Windows (EFLOW). All installation and configuration steps are provided exclusively for Windows using PowerShell commands and Windows-specific tools (e.g., Hyper-V, MSI installers). There are no equivalent instructions or examples for setting up IoT Edge on native Linux devices, nor are Linux command-line alternatives provided for installation or configuration. Linux commands only appear for module management after the Windows-based EFLOW VM is running.
Recommendations:
  • Add a parallel quickstart or clearly linked section for native Linux devices, including prerequisites, installation, and configuration steps using Linux commands (e.g., apt, yum, systemctl).
  • Provide Linux shell (bash) command equivalents alongside PowerShell commands where possible, especially for steps like downloading and installing the IoT Edge runtime.
  • Mention Linux-native virtualization/containerization requirements (e.g., Docker, containerd) and how to prepare a Linux host for IoT Edge.
  • Balance the order of presentation: if both Windows and Linux are supported, present both options equally or provide a clear choice at the start.
  • Explicitly state that this quickstart is for Windows hosts only, and link prominently to Linux-native instructions if available.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/tutorial-develop-for-linux.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Windows Tools Powershell Heavy Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation demonstrates a Windows-first bias in several areas: it explicitly states that the tutorial uses a Windows computer, provides Windows paths and commands before Linux equivalents, and references Windows-specific tools and patterns (such as Docker Desktop for Windows and Windows Subsystem for Linux). While it mentions Linux and macOS, Linux-specific instructions and examples are often less detailed or are referenced as external links. There is also a tendency to present Windows installation steps and terminology before Linux alternatives, and some environment variable examples and path conventions are Windows-centric. No PowerShell-specific commands are present, but the overall flow and examples assume a Windows development environment.
Recommendations:
  • Provide parallel, side-by-side instructions and examples for Linux (and macOS) wherever Windows-specific steps, paths, or tools are mentioned. For example, show both Windows and Linux commands for creating directories, setting environment variables, and file paths.
  • Avoid stating that the tutorial 'uses a Windows computer' as the default; instead, clarify that the steps apply equally to Windows, Linux, and macOS, and highlight any differences as needed.
  • When referencing Docker Desktop, include explicit instructions for Docker Engine on Linux, and clarify when WSL is required or optional.
  • Ensure that environment variable instructions and path conventions are shown for both Windows (%APPDATA%\Python) and Linux/macOS (~/.local/), not just one or the other.
  • Wherever possible, avoid Windows-centric terminology (such as 'command prompt') in favor of cross-platform terms (such as 'terminal').
  • Add Linux/macOS-specific troubleshooting tips and common issues, not just those relevant to Docker Desktop on Windows.
  • Consider using tabs or callouts to separate Windows and Linux/macOS instructions, so users can easily follow the steps for their platform.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-visual-studio-develop-module.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Missing Linux Example Windows Tools Powershell Heavy
Summary:
The documentation page exhibits a strong Windows bias. It assumes the development machine is Windows, provides Windows-specific installation and usage instructions (e.g., vcpkg, Visual Studio, .bat scripts, Windows file paths), and references Windows tools and patterns throughout. Linux alternatives are mentioned only in passing or as secondary options, and Linux-specific instructions/examples are largely missing or deferred to other documents. The CLI and Docker workflows are described, but the primary flow is tightly coupled to Windows and Visual Studio, with minimal guidance for Linux developers.
Recommendations:
  • Provide explicit Linux development instructions alongside Windows steps, including installation of dependencies (e.g., vcpkg on Linux, Docker on Linux, Visual Studio alternatives).
  • Avoid assuming the development machine is Windows; instead, offer parallel prerequisites and setup for both Windows and Linux.
  • Include Linux shell command examples (e.g., bash equivalents for vcpkg bootstrap, file paths, and Docker commands).
  • Reference and link to Linux-native development tools (e.g., Visual Studio Code, cross-platform CLI tools) earlier and with equal prominence.
  • Ensure all code snippets and file paths are provided in both Windows and Linux formats where applicable.
  • Clarify which features or tools are Windows-only and suggest Linux alternatives or workarounds.
  • Encourage use of cross-platform tools and document any limitations or differences in workflow for Linux users.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/troubleshoot.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Cmd Examples Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation generally uses cross-platform commands (iotedge, docker, az) and mostly shows bash examples, which are suitable for Linux. However, there are several instances where Windows command prompt (cmd) syntax is shown (e.g., iotedge logs <container name>, docker rm --force <container name>, iotedge restart <container name>), and these are presented without equivalent Linux/bash examples. In some sections, the cmd syntax is shown first or exclusively, and there is a lack of explicit Linux-specific troubleshooting steps or notes, which may confuse Linux users. There is also a lack of clarity on platform-specific differences (e.g., service management, log locations, or permissions), and the documentation does not mention or address Linux-specific tools or patterns.
Recommendations:
  • For every command shown in cmd syntax, provide the equivalent bash/Linux command, and clearly label which platform each example is for.
  • If a command is cross-platform (e.g., iotedge, docker), use bash syntax by default, as most IoT Edge deployments are on Linux, or show both bash and cmd examples side by side.
  • Add a section or notes about platform-specific differences, such as service management (systemctl vs. Windows Services), log file locations, and permissions.
  • Avoid using 'cmd' code blocks unless the command is truly Windows-only; otherwise, prefer 'bash' or 'shell' for cross-platform commands.
  • Include troubleshooting steps or tips that are specific to Linux environments, such as checking systemd service status, journalctl logs, or SELinux/AppArmor issues.
  • Review the order of examples and ensure Linux is not deprioritized in favor of Windows.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/tutorial-deploy-stream-analytics.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First
Summary:
The documentation presents both Linux and Windows as options for setting up an IoT Edge device, but consistently lists Linux before Windows. However, throughout the rest of the tutorial, all instructions, commands, and examples are platform-neutral, using Azure portal UI and the cross-platform 'iotedge' CLI, with no Windows- or PowerShell-specific commands or tools. There are no examples or instructions that are exclusive to Windows, nor are there any Windows tools or patterns mentioned preferentially. Linux is slightly prioritized in the prerequisites by being listed first.
Recommendations:
  • Maintain explicit parity by providing both Linux and Windows quickstart links side-by-side, or clarify that the steps are identical for both platforms.
  • If any platform-specific steps exist (such as service management, troubleshooting, or log access), provide both Linux and Windows examples.
  • Explicitly state that the 'iotedge' CLI commands work on both Linux and Windows, and provide any necessary notes for Windows users (e.g., running commands in PowerShell or CMD).
  • If future updates add troubleshooting or advanced configuration, ensure both Linux and Windows instructions are included.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/troubleshoot-common-errors.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Windows Tools Powershell Heavy Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation generally provides Linux-centric troubleshooting steps and examples (e.g., bash commands, Linux file paths), but there are several instances of Windows bias. Windows-specific networking patterns (NAT), error messages, and VM hostname issues are described in detail, sometimes before or instead of Linux equivalents. Some troubleshooting steps reference Azure Portal or Visual Studio Code workflows that may be more familiar to Windows users. There are also error messages and solutions that are specific to Windows (e.g., HNS/Win32 errors, Windows VM hostname length), while Linux alternatives are not always equally detailed. There are no PowerShell examples, but some Windows-specific terminology and patterns are prioritized or explained first.
Recommendations:
  • For every Windows-specific error or solution (e.g., NAT networking, HNS/Win32 errors), provide a Linux equivalent or clarify if the issue is exclusive to Windows.
  • When describing networking or deployment patterns, present Linux and Windows approaches side by side, or clarify which applies to which OS.
  • Where Azure Portal or Visual Studio Code workflows are described, include CLI or config-file-based alternatives that are OS-agnostic.
  • For error messages or logs that are Windows-specific, provide Linux log examples or clarify if the issue manifests differently on Linux.
  • Ensure that Linux troubleshooting steps are as detailed as Windows ones, especially for common issues like port conflicts, DNS, and network configuration.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/tutorial-store-data-sql-server.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Missing Linux Example Windows Tools
Summary:
The documentation demonstrates a mild Windows bias. While the tutorial is primarily focused on Linux containers and mentions Linux as the default/primary target, there are several instances where Windows is mentioned first or Windows-specific tools and patterns are referenced without providing equivalent Linux examples. For example, the prerequisites list both Linux and Windows device setup links, but the Windows link is listed second. The command to check module status uses a combined 'cmd/sh' code block, but does not provide explicit Linux shell examples or clarify differences. The documentation also references Visual Studio Code (a cross-platform tool), but does not mention any Linux-specific editors or command-line alternatives. There are no PowerShell-specific commands, but the overall pattern assumes familiarity with Windows-centric workflows.
Recommendations:
  • Ensure Linux examples are always present and, where possible, listed before or alongside Windows examples, especially since the tutorial is focused on Linux containers.
  • When referencing commands (e.g., 'iotedge list'), provide explicit Linux shell examples and clarify any differences for Windows users.
  • Include alternative instructions for users who may prefer Linux-native editors or command-line tools, not just Visual Studio Code.
  • Where Windows tools or patterns are mentioned, provide equivalent Linux alternatives or clarify cross-platform compatibility.
  • Review the order of device setup links and instructions to avoid subtle prioritization of Windows over Linux.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/tutorial-deploy-custom-vision.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-12 23:44 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Windows Tools
Summary:
The documentation is generally Linux-focused, with instructions and examples primarily for Linux containers and development environments. However, there are subtle signs of Windows bias: the sample images are sourced from a repository named 'Cognitive-CustomVision-Windows', and the quickstart links list 'Linux device' before 'Windows device', but both are mentioned. There are no explicit PowerShell or Windows command-line examples, but references to Windows (e.g., the repo name) and the inclusion of Windows setup options in prerequisites indicate some residual Windows-centric patterns.
Recommendations:
  • Provide sample images from a cross-platform or Linux-named repository, or clarify that the 'Cognitive-CustomVision-Windows' repo is suitable for all platforms.
  • Ensure that any references to Windows tools, paths, or repositories are balanced with Linux equivalents or are clearly marked as cross-platform.
  • If mentioning both Linux and Windows device setup, consider listing Linux first (as is done here), and ensure parity in instructions and troubleshooting for both platforms.
  • Explicitly state that all steps and code are cross-platform unless otherwise noted, and provide links to both Linux and Windows quickstarts equally.
  • Audit for any hidden assumptions (e.g., file paths, line endings, case sensitivity) that may be Windows-specific and clarify or generalize as needed.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-create-transparent-gateway.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Powershell Heavy Windows Tools Windows First
Summary:
The documentation provides both Linux and Windows (specifically IoT Edge for Linux on Windows/EFLOW) instructions, but Windows/PowerShell-specific tooling and workflows are heavily emphasized in the EFLOW sections. PowerShell cmdlets (e.g., Copy-EflowVMFile, Connect-EflowVm, Invoke-EflowVmCommand) are used exclusively for file transfer and port management on EFLOW, with no mention of alternative Linux-native or cross-platform methods. The EFLOW (Windows) instructions are more detailed in terms of Windows-specific tooling, and PowerShell is presented as the primary interface for EFLOW management, which may disadvantage users more familiar with Linux-native workflows. The Linux instructions are present and functional, but the Windows/PowerShell approach is more prominent and sometimes appears first or with more detailed steps.
Recommendations:
  • For EFLOW, provide alternative instructions using standard SSH/SCP/SFTP for file transfer and remote command execution, not just PowerShell cmdlets, to support users on non-Windows platforms or those preferring Linux-native tools.
  • Where PowerShell is used for port management (e.g., opening ports with Invoke-EflowVmCommand), offer equivalent instructions for users who may access EFLOW via SSH or other means.
  • Clarify that PowerShell cmdlets are one option and that standard Linux tools can also be used within the EFLOW VM, making the documentation more inclusive for Linux users.
  • Consider presenting Linux-native instructions first or in parallel, rather than defaulting to Windows/PowerShell-centric workflows for EFLOW.
  • Explicitly mention cross-platform alternatives and note any limitations or prerequisites for each approach.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-create-test-certificates.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Powershell Heavy Windows Tools
Summary:
The documentation consistently presents Windows instructions and examples before Linux ones, uses PowerShell-specific scripts and commands heavily, and references Windows-specific tools (such as vcpkg and PowerShell cmdlets) without always providing equivalent Linux context or alternatives. While Linux instructions are present and generally complete, the overall structure and emphasis favor Windows users.
Recommendations:
  • Alternate the order of Windows and Linux sections throughout the documentation, or present both platforms side-by-side where feasible.
  • Where Windows-specific tools (like vcpkg or PowerShell cmdlets) are mentioned, provide equivalent Linux package manager commands (e.g., apt, yum) and bash alternatives.
  • Ensure that all prerequisite steps (such as installing OpenSSL) are equally detailed for Linux, including common installation commands for major distributions.
  • Where possible, use cross-platform language and avoid assuming PowerShell as the default shell. Highlight bash and POSIX-compliant alternatives.
  • Consider providing a summary table of commands for both platforms at the end of each major section for quick reference.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-create-virtual-switch.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Powershell Heavy Windows First Missing Linux Example Windows Tools
Summary:
The documentation is heavily focused on Windows, providing only Windows-specific instructions and PowerShell commands for creating a virtual switch, NAT, and DHCP server. There are no Linux equivalents or cross-platform guidance, despite the topic being related to 'IoT Edge for Linux on Windows'. All tooling and examples are Windows/PowerShell-centric, and Linux networking tools or commands are not mentioned at all.
Recommendations:
  • Add a section or parallel instructions for performing similar networking setup (virtual switch, NAT, DHCP) on Linux hosts using common Linux tools (e.g., ip, brctl, dnsmasq, systemd-networkd).
  • Clarify in the introduction that the instructions are Windows-only, and provide links or references for Linux users if applicable.
  • Where possible, provide conceptual parity by describing what each step accomplishes in platform-agnostic terms before showing Windows-specific commands.
  • If the product is only supported on Windows hosts, explicitly state this limitation and explain why Linux host instructions are not included.
  • Include a comparison table or FAQ addressing differences between Windows and Linux networking setup for IoT Edge scenarios.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-observability.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Powershell Heavy Windows First Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation page demonstrates a bias toward Windows environments by exclusively providing PowerShell-based deployment instructions and referencing PowerShell as a prerequisite, without offering equivalent Bash or Linux shell examples. There is no mention of Linux-specific tools or deployment patterns, and the sample deployment script is only provided for PowerShell, which may hinder accessibility for Linux or macOS users.
Recommendations:
  • Provide equivalent Bash shell deployment instructions and scripts for Linux/macOS users alongside PowerShell examples.
  • List both PowerShell and Bash as prerequisites, with installation links for each platform.
  • Explicitly mention cross-platform compatibility of the deployment scripts, or provide separate scripts for Windows (PowerShell) and Linux/macOS (Bash).
  • Include notes or callouts clarifying any platform-specific steps or differences.
  • Ensure that screenshots and instructions referencing terminal commands or environments are inclusive of both Windows and Linux/macOS users.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-monitor-module-twins.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation page shows a Windows bias by using Windows-specific device IDs (e.g., 'Windows109') in all JSON examples and not providing any Linux-based examples or references. There are no explicit Linux commands, device names, or screenshots, and the only sample module client code references .NET (commonly associated with Windows, though cross-platform). No mention is made of Linux tools, patterns, or device names, and the examples and walkthroughs implicitly assume a Windows environment.
Recommendations:
  • Include examples with Linux-based device IDs (e.g., 'Ubuntu2004', 'raspberrypi', etc.) alongside or instead of Windows IDs in JSON samples.
  • Explicitly mention that the instructions and tools (Azure CLI, VS Code, Azure Portal) are cross-platform and work on Linux, macOS, and Windows.
  • Add screenshots or terminal snippets from Linux environments where appropriate.
  • If referencing code samples, consider including examples in Python or Node.js (popular on Linux) in addition to .NET.
  • Clarify that the steps and troubleshooting guidance apply equally to Linux-based IoT Edge devices.
  • Where possible, provide Linux-specific troubleshooting tips or notes (e.g., file paths, service management commands).
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-update-iot-edge.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Missing Linux Example Windows Tools Windows First
Summary:
The documentation is heavily focused on Linux-based IoT Edge deployments, with detailed step-by-step instructions and examples for Ubuntu/Debian and RHEL. Windows is only mentioned to state that native Windows containers are not supported and to direct users to use Linux containers (EFLOW) on Windows. There are no PowerShell or Windows command-line examples, but also no native Windows instructions or parity. The troubleshooting and update commands are all Linux-centric. The only Windows-specific content is a note about lack of support and a pointer to a separate EFLOW page.
Recommendations:
  • If Windows support is not available, clarify this at the top of the page and remove the Windows tab to avoid confusion.
  • If EFLOW (IoT Edge for Linux on Windows) is the only supported scenario, provide a summary of the EFLOW update process or link to the EFLOW update guide more prominently.
  • If/when Windows-native support is added, ensure that all update, verification, and troubleshooting steps are provided with both Windows (PowerShell/cmd) and Linux (bash) examples.
  • For parity, consider providing a table or matrix at the top summarizing which OSes are supported and linking to the relevant instructions.
  • Explicitly state that all commands are for Linux unless otherwise noted, to avoid confusion for Windows users.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/iot-edge-modules.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation page does not provide any OS-specific examples, but the only code sample shown is in C#, which is cross-platform. However, there are no explicit references to Windows, Windows tools, or PowerShell, nor are there any instructions or examples that are Windows-specific. The main bias is the lack of explicit Linux (or cross-platform) command-line or deployment examples, which could help Linux users understand how to interact with IoT Edge modules on their systems.
Recommendations:
  • Add explicit examples or references for both Windows and Linux environments, especially for common tasks such as deploying modules, managing containers, or interacting with the IoT Edge runtime.
  • Include sample commands for both PowerShell (Windows) and Bash (Linux) where appropriate.
  • Clarify in the documentation that Azure IoT Edge is supported on both Windows and Linux, and provide links to OS-specific setup guides.
  • If showing code samples for interacting with the IoT Edge runtime, consider including examples in languages commonly used on Linux (e.g., Python, Bash scripts) in addition to C#.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/nested-virtualization.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Missing Linux Example Windows Tools
Summary:
The documentation exclusively describes deployment scenarios for Azure IoT Edge for Linux on Windows using Windows-based virtual machines and hypervisors (Hyper-V, VMware with Windows VMs, Azure VMs with Windows). All configuration steps, requirements, and references are tailored to Windows environments, with no mention of Linux-based virtualization hosts, tools, or workflows. There are no examples or instructions for deploying EFLOW on Linux hosts or using Linux-native hypervisors (e.g., KVM, QEMU), and all tooling and troubleshooting guidance is Windows-centric.
Recommendations:
  • Add equivalent deployment instructions for Linux-based virtualization hosts (e.g., Ubuntu with KVM/QEMU, or other popular Linux distributions).
  • Provide Linux-native examples for enabling nested virtualization and configuring networking for EFLOW.
  • Include troubleshooting notes and requirements specific to Linux environments.
  • Reference Linux tools and commands (e.g., virsh, virt-manager) alongside or before Windows tools where applicable.
  • Clarify in the introduction whether Linux host support is possible or not, and if not, explain the limitation.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-visual-studio-develop-module.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Missing Linux Example Windows Tools Powershell Heavy
Summary:
The documentation page demonstrates a strong Windows bias. It assumes the development machine is Windows, provides only Windows-specific installation commands (e.g., vcpkg bootstrap with .bat, use of Visual Studio, Windows file paths), and references Windows tools and patterns (e.g., Developer Command Prompt, Visual Studio Solution Explorer) without offering equivalent Linux instructions or examples. Linux is mentioned primarily as a target for deployment, not as a development environment. There are no Linux shell commands for setup, no Visual Studio for Linux guidance, and no parity in tool installation or usage instructions.
Recommendations:
  • Provide explicit instructions for setting up the development environment on Linux, including installation of Visual Studio Code or other supported IDEs, and relevant extensions.
  • Include Linux shell command examples for all setup steps (e.g., vcpkg installation, Docker installation, Azure CLI installation).
  • Offer Linux file path examples alongside Windows paths, especially for template and project locations.
  • Clarify which features and workflows are available or not available on Linux, and offer alternatives where possible.
  • Add screenshots and walkthroughs for Linux-based development, including debugging and deployment.
  • Where Windows-only tools are referenced (e.g., Visual Studio 2022), suggest cross-platform alternatives or note the limitations for Linux users.
  • Rephrase the prerequisites to not assume Windows as the default, or provide parallel Linux sections.
  • Ensure all CLI commands are shown in both Windows (cmd/PowerShell) and Linux (bash) syntax.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/security.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Windows Tools
Summary:
The documentation generally maintains a cross-platform tone, but in the 'Encryption at rest' section, Windows BitLocker is specifically recommended for Windows, while Linux is mentioned only generically ('Linux has several options for encryption at rest'). No specific Linux tools or examples are provided, and the Windows tool is mentioned by name and linked, giving Windows users a clearer path.
Recommendations:
  • List specific Linux encryption tools (e.g., LUKS, dm-crypt, eCryptfs) alongside BitLocker, and provide links to their documentation.
  • Present Linux and Windows options in parallel structure, e.g., 'For Linux, consider [LUKS](https://gitlab.com/cryptsetup/cryptsetup), [dm-crypt](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Dm-crypt), or [eCryptfs](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Ecryptfs). For Windows, [BitLocker](https://docs.microsoft.com/windows/security/operating-system-security/data-protection/bitlocker) is recommended.'
  • Where possible, provide example commands or configuration snippets for both Linux and Windows to ensure parity.
  • Review other sections for opportunities to add Linux-specific guidance or examples, even if only brief, to reinforce cross-platform support.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/support.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First
Summary:
The documentation page generally presents Linux as the primary platform for Azure IoT Edge, but when discussing Windows support, it consistently refers to 'IoT Edge for Linux on Windows' (EFLOW) as the recommended approach. Windows is mentioned after Linux in most tables and explanations, but the Windows experience is always described as running Linux containers via a VM, not as a first-class native experience. There are no explicit PowerShell-heavy examples, Windows-only tools, or missing Linux examples, but the phrasing and ordering suggest a Linux-first, Windows-second approach, with Windows support being indirect.
Recommendations:
  • Clarify that Windows support is via EFLOW and explain the rationale for this approach, possibly in a dedicated section.
  • If possible, provide more parity in examples or instructions for both Linux and Windows (even if Windows is via EFLOW), such as installation or troubleshooting steps.
  • Explicitly state the limitations or differences in experience between native Linux and Windows (EFLOW) to set expectations.
  • Consider adding a brief summary table at the top comparing native Linux, EFLOW on Windows, and (deprecated) Windows containers for quick reference.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-configure-module-build-options.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation references both Windows and Linux platforms in the module.json example, but the only explicit platform example with an OS name is 'windows-amd64', while Linux platforms are referenced generically by architecture (e.g., 'amd64', 'arm32v7'). There are no explicit Linux-specific instructions, tools, or examples, and the text mentions Visual Studio and Visual Studio Code (which are available on both platforms, but VS is primarily associated with Windows). There are no PowerShell or Windows-only tool references, but the lack of explicit Linux parity in naming and examples suggests a mild Windows-first bias.
Recommendations:
  • Add explicit Linux platform keys in the example (e.g., 'linux-amd64') to match the specificity of 'windows-amd64'.
  • Include a Linux-specific example or scenario, such as referencing a Dockerfile.linux-amd64.
  • Clarify in the text that the generic architecture keys (e.g., 'amd64') refer to Linux by default, or provide a table mapping platform keys to OS/architecture combinations.
  • Mention Linux development tools or workflows alongside Visual Studio, such as using VS Code on Linux or command-line Docker builds.
  • Ensure that any future examples or instructions provide parity for both Windows and Linux environments.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/debug-module-vs-code.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Windows Tools Powershell Heavy Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation demonstrates a moderate Windows bias. Windows is frequently mentioned first when listing supported platforms and development environments. There are references to Windows-specific tools and patterns, such as IoT Edge for Linux on Windows (EFLOW), and examples include PowerShell output. Some instructions and examples are tailored to Windows users, and Linux-specific guidance is sometimes less prominent or missing. While Linux is supported and mentioned, parity in examples and tool usage could be improved.
Recommendations:
  • Ensure all code snippets and command outputs are shown for both Windows (PowerShell/CMD) and Linux/macOS (bash) where relevant, especially for commands like 'docker ps' and file paths.
  • When listing supported platforms or development environments, alternate the order or explicitly state that all platforms are equally supported.
  • Provide Linux/macOS-specific troubleshooting tips and notes alongside Windows-specific ones, especially for Docker Desktop and remote debugging.
  • Avoid using Windows-specific screenshots or outputs exclusively; include Linux/macOS equivalents.
  • Where Windows-only tools or patterns are mentioned (e.g., EFLOW), provide equivalent Linux-native workflows or clearly state their scope.
  • Add explicit Linux/macOS setup and usage instructions for all major steps, including Docker, SSH, and Visual Studio Code extensions.
  • Review all sections for implicit assumptions of Windows usage (e.g., file paths, environment variables) and provide cross-platform alternatives.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/gpu-acceleration.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Powershell Heavy Windows Tools Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation is heavily oriented toward Windows environments, with all setup, configuration, and deployment instructions using Windows tools (PowerShell, Device Manager, winver). There are no Linux-native examples or instructions, and the only Linux context is within a Windows-hosted VM (EFLOW). The documentation assumes Windows as the host and does not provide parity for users who might want to run similar workloads on native Linux systems or need Linux-based setup/configuration steps.
Recommendations:
  • Add equivalent Linux-native instructions or clarify that EFLOW is only supported on Windows hosts, and provide references for native Linux GPU acceleration with Azure IoT Edge.
  • Include Linux shell (bash) command examples for tasks such as checking GPU availability, driver installation, and deployment, even if only for the guest VM.
  • Mention Linux tools (e.g., lspci, nvidia-smi, glxinfo) alongside Windows tools like Device Manager and winver.
  • If EFLOW is strictly a Windows-hosted solution, explicitly state this at the beginning and provide links to Linux-native Azure IoT Edge GPU acceleration documentation for users on Linux.
  • Ensure that any references to driver installation or system requirements include both Windows and Linux perspectives where applicable.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-access-dtpm.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Powershell Heavy Windows First Windows Tools Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation demonstrates a strong Windows bias. All setup, configuration, and file transfer steps are described using Windows tools (PowerShell, Visual Studio, Windows file paths, and cmdlets like Copy-EflowVmFile). There are no equivalent Linux-based instructions or examples for users who may be running the host or development environment on Linux. The documentation assumes Visual Studio and NuGet usage on Windows, and all initial steps are Windows-centric, with Linux commands only appearing after the executable is copied to the EFLOW VM.
Recommendations:
  • Provide equivalent instructions for users developing on Linux hosts, including how to build and publish the .NET executable using the dotnet CLI.
  • Offer Linux shell (bash) commands for file packaging (tar) and transfer (e.g., using scp or rsync) to the EFLOW VM, not just PowerShell and Windows cmdlets.
  • Include instructions for initializing the TPM NV index from a Linux environment, if possible, or clarify if this is only possible from Windows.
  • Present both Windows and Linux command examples side by side where appropriate, or clearly label which steps are Windows-only.
  • Mention and link to cross-platform tools (such as VS Code, dotnet CLI) as alternatives to Visual Studio and NuGet Package Manager GUI.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-authenticate-downstream-device.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Powershell Heavy Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation demonstrates a mild Windows bias. In the X.509 self-signed authentication section, the Windows (PowerShell) openssl command is listed before the Linux (Bash) equivalent, and the Windows command is not clearly differentiated from the Linux one. The use of PowerShell syntax for openssl on Windows may confuse Linux users, and the Linux command is only shown as a variant. There are no explicit Linux-specific tools or instructions for certificate management, and the guidance for copying certificates mentions Azure Key Vault and SCP generically, without platform-specific details. There are no Linux-first or Linux-only examples, and the overall flow assumes familiarity with Windows tooling and ordering.
Recommendations:
  • Present Linux and Windows commands side-by-side or in parallel, rather than listing Windows first.
  • Use neutral shell syntax (e.g., bash) for openssl commands, or provide both PowerShell and bash examples with clear headings.
  • Include explicit Linux instructions for certificate management, such as using scp, chmod, and file permissions.
  • Where tools or scripts are referenced, clarify their compatibility with both Windows and Linux, and provide platform-specific notes if needed.
  • Ensure screenshots and UI instructions are not Windows-centric, or provide Linux/CLI alternatives where possible.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-configure-multiple-nics.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Powershell Heavy Windows Tools Windows First Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation is heavily oriented towards Windows, with all configuration steps relying exclusively on PowerShell commands and Windows-specific tools. There are no Linux-native examples or alternative instructions for users who may wish to interact with the EFLOW VM or its networking from a Linux environment. The workflow assumes the user is operating from a Windows host, and Linux commands are only mentioned for in-VM inspection, not for configuration.
Recommendations:
  • Provide equivalent instructions for managing EFLOW networking from a Linux host, if supported, or clarify host OS limitations.
  • Include examples using cross-platform tools (e.g., Azure CLI, SSH) where possible, not just PowerShell cmdlets.
  • If PowerShell is required, mention PowerShell Core and its availability on Linux/macOS, and provide guidance for those platforms.
  • Add a section explicitly addressing Linux/macOS users, outlining what is and isn't possible from those environments.
  • Where only Windows is supported, clearly state this limitation at the start of the article.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-connect-downstream-device.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Powershell Heavy Windows Tools
Summary:
The documentation provides both Ubuntu and Windows instructions for installing certificates, but Windows instructions are consistently presented after Ubuntu. However, the Windows section is more detailed, offering multiple methods (PowerShell, certlm GUI, .NET APIs), while the Ubuntu section only covers the standard CLI method. The Windows instructions reference specific tools (PowerShell Import-Certificate, certlm, Schannel) and provide more context about the Windows TLS stack. There is no explicit omission of Linux examples, but the Windows ecosystem is described in greater depth, and more Windows-specific tooling is mentioned.
Recommendations:
  • Expand the Ubuntu/Linux section to include alternative certificate installation methods (e.g., using update-ca-trust on RHEL/CentOS, or using GUI tools like GNOME Certificates).
  • Provide parity in troubleshooting and background information for Linux, such as mentioning OpenSSL, NSS, or GnuTLS as common TLS stacks and how they interact with the OS certificate store.
  • Add examples for programmatic certificate installation on Linux (e.g., using shell scripts or with .NET APIs on Linux).
  • Where Windows-specific tools are mentioned (e.g., certlm, Schannel), provide Linux equivalents (e.g., update-ca-certificates, OpenSSL) and explain their roles.
  • Ensure that all language-specific SDK instructions clarify any OS-specific steps or differences, especially for .NET and C, which may behave differently on Linux vs. Windows.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/tutorial-deploy-custom-vision.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Windows Tools Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation generally focuses on Linux container development and provides a Linux-first workflow, but there are subtle signs of Windows bias. The sample images are sourced from a repository named 'Cognitive-CustomVision-Windows', and there is no mention of a Linux-specific sample image repository. In the prerequisites, both Linux and Windows device setup links are provided, but the Windows link is listed second. However, there are no PowerShell or Windows command-line examples, and all CLI instructions use Bash syntax. The documentation does not provide explicit Linux shell alternatives for every step, and some references (such as the sample repo and image paths) are Windows-centric. There is also a lack of explicit instructions for running the workflow on a native Linux desktop (as opposed to a VM or container), and no mention of Linux-specific troubleshooting or differences.
Recommendations:
  • Provide sample image repositories or paths that are not Windows-specific, or clarify that the sample repo is cross-platform.
  • Include explicit Linux-native instructions and troubleshooting steps, not just for containerized environments but also for common Linux distributions.
  • Where sample paths or repositories are named with 'Windows', also mention or provide equivalent Linux-named resources.
  • Ensure all screenshots and file path examples use cross-platform or Linux-style paths (e.g., forward slashes), or provide both styles.
  • Add a section or notes about any differences or considerations when running the workflow on Windows vs. Linux hosts.
  • If referencing Windows devices or tools, ensure Linux equivalents are always mentioned first and with equal detail.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/quickstart.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Powershell Heavy Windows Tools Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation is heavily focused on Windows, specifically on deploying Azure IoT Edge for Linux on Windows (EFLOW). All device-side installation and configuration steps are provided exclusively as PowerShell commands, with no equivalent Linux-native instructions. Windows tools and patterns (e.g., Hyper-V, MSI installers, PowerShell cmdlets) are used throughout, and Linux is only referenced as the OS running inside a Windows-managed VM. Linux-native workflows, tools, or direct installation on a Linux host are not covered, and Linux command-line examples only appear after the Windows setup, for module management inside the EFLOW VM.
Recommendations:
  • Provide equivalent instructions for installing and configuring Azure IoT Edge directly on a native Linux device, including supported distributions and package managers.
  • Include Linux shell (bash) command examples alongside or before PowerShell commands, especially for common tasks like installation, configuration, and troubleshooting.
  • Mention Linux-native virtualization/containerization options (e.g., Docker, systemd) where Hyper-V or Windows-specific features are referenced.
  • Clarify in the introduction that this guide is Windows-specific, and link prominently to a Linux-native quickstart for users on Linux devices.
  • Balance the order of presentation so that Linux and Windows instructions are given equal prominence, or provide a platform selection tab/switcher at the top of the page.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-connect-usb-devices.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Powershell Heavy Windows Tools Windows First Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation is heavily Windows-centric, focusing almost exclusively on Windows tools (usbipd-win, PowerShell, Windows Package Manager) and workflows. All example commands are given in PowerShell, and there are no Linux command-line examples or instructions for performing similar tasks on a native Linux host. The only mention of Linux is in the context of the EFLOW VM, which is managed from Windows. Linux tools and workflows are not discussed, and Windows-specific patterns (such as using 'Add or Remove Programs', 'Services' app, and PowerShell modules) are presented without Linux equivalents.
Recommendations:
  • Provide equivalent Linux command-line instructions for attaching USB devices using usbip (e.g., using 'usbip' and 'usbipd' on Linux).
  • Include examples of how to perform the USB/IP setup and device attachment from a Linux host, not just from Windows.
  • When listing steps or tools, mention Linux-native approaches alongside Windows ones, or clarify that the instructions are Windows-only if no Linux equivalent exists.
  • Add a section or note explaining how to achieve similar functionality on a pure Linux environment, or link to relevant Linux documentation.
  • Balance PowerShell examples with bash or shell script examples where possible, especially for actions that can be performed inside the EFLOW VM.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/troubleshoot-common-errors.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Windows Tools Windows Examples Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation generally covers both Linux and Windows, but there are several instances of Windows bias. Windows-specific networking (NAT) is mentioned before Linux (bridge) in the runtime section, and Windows-specific error messages and patterns (e.g., hnsCall failed in Win32, Windows VM hostname length) are highlighted. Some troubleshooting steps and examples are tailored to Windows environments or Azure Portal/GUI workflows, with less emphasis on Linux CLI or configuration file methods. There are also sections where Windows tools or behaviors are discussed without equivalent Linux examples or with Linux mentioned only as an aside.
Recommendations:
  • Ensure Linux and Windows troubleshooting steps are presented in parallel, with equal detail and prominence.
  • For every Windows-specific error or tool mentioned (e.g., NAT, hnsCall, Windows VM hostname), provide the Linux equivalent (e.g., bridge networking, relevant Linux error messages).
  • Where Azure Portal or GUI steps are given, also provide CLI or configuration file alternatives for Linux users.
  • Add explicit Linux examples and commands where only Windows or portal-based instructions are present.
  • Review for sections where Windows is discussed first or exclusively, and restructure to present Linux and Windows options side by side or in a neutral order.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/how-to-configure-proxy-support.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Powershell Heavy Windows Tools
Summary:
The documentation provides both Linux and Windows instructions, but Windows-specific details and PowerShell examples are more extensive and appear before or in greater detail than Linux equivalents in some sections. Windows tools and patterns (e.g., PowerShell, registry edits) are described in depth, while Linux instructions are sometimes more concise or refer out to external documentation. The Windows installation process is described with multiple PowerShell code blocks and parameter explanations, while Linux installation is summarized and links to external guides.
Recommendations:
  • Ensure Linux instructions are as detailed and self-contained as Windows instructions, including explicit command-line examples for all steps (e.g., show apt/yum/dnf proxy configuration inline, not just as a link).
  • Provide Linux examples first in each section, or present both OSes in parallel to avoid a 'Windows-first' impression.
  • Where Windows-specific tools (like PowerShell or registry edits) are shown, provide equivalent Linux commands (e.g., using sed, systemctl, or editing files with nano/vim) with the same level of detail.
  • Include troubleshooting tips and environment variable configuration examples for both Linux and Windows, not just for Windows.
  • Avoid referring to Linux instructions as 'see external documentation' when Windows instructions are inline; instead, summarize or reproduce the key steps for Linux within the doc.
  • Balance the number and depth of code examples between platforms to ensure Linux users are equally supported.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/troubleshoot.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Cmd Examples Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation is generally cross-platform, with most examples using 'bash' and 'iotedge' CLI commands that are applicable to both Linux and Windows. However, there are several instances where Windows-specific (cmd) syntax is used or presented first, such as for 'iotedge logs', 'docker rm', and 'iotedge restart'. There are no explicit PowerShell examples, but the use of 'cmd' blocks and lack of explicit Linux alternatives in some sections may confuse Linux users. Additionally, some commands (like 'docker rm') are shown only in Windows cmd syntax, and the documentation does not clarify platform differences where they may exist.
Recommendations:
  • For every 'cmd' example, provide a corresponding 'bash' example or clarify that the command is identical on both platforms.
  • When presenting commands, avoid using 'cmd' blocks unless there is a Windows-specific syntax difference; otherwise, use 'bash' or a neutral code block.
  • If there are platform-specific behaviors or prerequisites (such as service names, log file locations, or command syntax), explicitly document them for both Windows and Linux.
  • Consider adding a section at the top clarifying that all commands are cross-platform unless otherwise noted, and specify any exceptions.
  • Where tools or commands are platform-specific (e.g., service management), provide both Windows and Linux instructions.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/tutorial-deploy-function.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation is generally cross-platform but exhibits subtle Windows bias: Windows devices are mentioned before Linux devices in some places, and there are no explicit Linux-specific command-line examples or instructions. The tutorial assumes use of Visual Studio Code (which is cross-platform), but does not provide any Linux terminal or shell-specific guidance, nor does it mention or show Linux-native tools or patterns. All steps are described in a way that is platform-agnostic, but the lack of explicit Linux examples or troubleshooting tips may disadvantage Linux users.
Recommendations:
  • When listing device setup options, mention Linux before Windows or give them equal prominence.
  • Provide explicit Linux shell/terminal command examples where relevant (e.g., for Docker commands, file navigation, permissions).
  • Include troubleshooting tips or notes for common Linux-specific issues (e.g., Docker permissions, file paths, case sensitivity).
  • Reference Linux-native tools or patterns where appropriate (e.g., using bash scripts for automation, systemd for service management).
  • Add screenshots or terminal output examples from Linux environments, not just generic or Windows-centric visuals.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/tutorial-store-data-sql-server.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Windows Tools Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation is generally focused on Linux containers and development, but there are subtle Windows biases: Windows device setup is mentioned before Linux in some places, Windows tools and patterns (e.g., Visual Studio Code, .NET, C#) are used exclusively, and there are no examples for Linux-native tools or alternative workflows (e.g., using VS Code on Linux, or using non-Microsoft languages). The SQL Server module is Windows-centric, and there is no mention of Linux-native SQL tools or alternative database engines in the main workflow.
Recommendations:
  • When listing device setup options, mention Linux devices before Windows devices to reflect the Linux container focus.
  • Provide explicit examples for using VS Code and Docker on Linux hosts (e.g., Ubuntu), including any Linux-specific commands or troubleshooting.
  • Include alternative workflows using Linux-native tools (e.g., using Azure CLI or Docker CLI directly, or using editors like Vim or nano for editing files).
  • Offer examples or notes for using other database engines (e.g., MySQL, PostgreSQL) in addition to SQL Server, especially since the intro mentions them.
  • Clarify that the tutorial is cross-platform and provide links or notes for Linux users where steps may differ (e.g., file paths, permissions).
  • Add a section or callout for common Linux troubleshooting steps (e.g., Docker permissions, SELinux/AppArmor issues).
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/version-history.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First
Summary:
The documentation page demonstrates a subtle Windows bias by consistently mentioning 'IoT Edge for Linux on Windows (EFLOW)' as a primary variant, with detailed versioning and support information. While the core product is cross-platform, the prominence and repeated focus on the Windows-hosted Linux variant (EFLOW) may give the impression that Windows is the preferred or primary platform, even though the underlying runtime is Linux-based. There are no explicit PowerShell examples, Windows-only tools, or missing Linux examples, but the structure and emphasis place Windows (via EFLOW) before native Linux deployments.
Recommendations:
  • Balance the coverage of EFLOW and native Linux deployments by providing equivalent detail and visibility for both.
  • Include a section or table summarizing native Linux distributions and their support status, similar to the EFLOW version table.
  • Clarify in the introduction that IoT Edge is primarily a Linux-based solution, and EFLOW is a way to run it on Windows, rather than presenting EFLOW as a co-equal or primary deployment method.
  • Ensure that future documentation and release notes provide parallel information for both native Linux and EFLOW, so that Linux users do not feel secondary.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/tutorial-nested-iot-edge.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Windows Tools
Summary:
The documentation is generally Linux-focused for device configuration and usage, but there are subtle signs of Windows bias. Specifically, directory and output examples use Windows paths (e.g., 'C:\nested-edge\output'), and the documentation references the Azure portal's Windows VM instructions for opening ports. These Windows elements appear before or instead of equivalent Linux examples, despite the main tutorial targeting Linux devices.
Recommendations:
  • Provide output directory examples using both Windows (C:\...) and Linux (~/...) paths, or default to Linux paths since the tutorial is Linux-focused.
  • When referencing Azure portal documentation for opening ports, link to both Windows and Linux VM guides, or use the cross-platform documentation.
  • Include example commands and outputs for both Windows and Linux environments where relevant, especially in sections that show file system interactions or command-line outputs.
  • Ensure that any screenshots or code snippets that show file paths or shell prompts are representative of the target OS (Linux in this case), or provide both variants.
  • Review the documentation for any other subtle Windows-first language or assumptions and adjust to be OS-neutral or Linux-first, given the tutorial's prerequisites.
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/iot-edge/tutorial-develop-for-linux.md [View Details]
Scanned: 2025-07-08 04:23 • Page-level bias detected
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Page-Level Analysis

Windows First Windows Tools Powershell Heavy Missing Linux Example
Summary:
The documentation demonstrates a Windows-first bias in several areas: it explicitly states that the tutorial uses a Windows computer, references Windows-specific features (such as Docker Desktop for Windows and Windows Subsystem for Linux), and provides Windows-style paths and commands before (or instead of) Linux equivalents. While the content claims to note differences for Linux/macOS, actual Linux-specific instructions, examples, or troubleshooting steps are often missing or less prominent. The use of PowerShell/Windows command prompts and the focus on Windows tools (e.g., Docker Desktop for Windows) further reinforce this bias.
Recommendations:
  • Provide parallel Linux/macOS instructions and examples wherever Windows-specific steps are given (e.g., directory creation, Docker installation, command-line usage).
  • List Linux and macOS installation steps and links before or alongside Windows, not after.
  • Use platform-agnostic paths (e.g., ~/dev/iotedgesolution or /home/user/dev/iotedgesolution) and commands in code snippets, or provide both Windows and Linux/macOS variants.
  • Include troubleshooting steps and tips specific to Linux/macOS environments, not just Windows.
  • When referencing tools like Docker Desktop, also mention and link to Linux-native alternatives (e.g., Docker Engine, Podman) and clarify their usage.
  • Avoid assuming the development machine is Windows; instead, explicitly support all major platforms in instructions and examples.
  • Ensure that environment variable instructions and path settings are clear for both Windows (%APPDATA%) and Linux/macOS (~/.local/), with equal prominence.